Oncology is the science involved in the formation or tumors in the body, their causes, diagnosis and treatment and association with inheritance. Oncology investigates the cancer cells as well as non-cancer cells.

Whether or not a patient is a candidate for surgery depends on factors such as the tumor type, size, location, grade and stage, as well as issues regarding the medical status of the patient including physical fitness and other medical conditions.

Other health markers of the patient are investigated in Oncologic Surgery and the patient is evaluated based on the size and location of the tumor and whether there are any metastases. Subsequently, open, laparoscopic or robotic surgery can be performed.